Building for licensed operators

You run a real business.Your capital should be real too.

Licensed cannabis operators already track every plant and every package — the data exists. What it can't do is prove anything to a capital provider who has never heard of your license. CannaStocks turns the track-and-trace ledger you already keep into auditable onchain collateral and ownership.

Robinhood Chain head — Chain ID 4663 Settlement seconds, not quarters
Pixel art of a lit cannabis storefront at night Pixel art cannabis bud with pistils
Why now

Cannabis is the biggest legal industry nobody can finance normally.

Not because the businesses are weak. Because the collateral is invisible to the lenders who hold the capital — and the federal tax code still penalises half the market.

94.8%
of all capital raised in 2025 was debt
Operators are levering, not being funded.
Viridian Deal Tracker, 2025
up to 23%
interest for smaller private operators
vs 9–11% for the large MSOs.
Viridian Deal Tracker, 2025
24.4%
of operators are profitable
Survey of 224 operators across 13 states — a thin sample, but indicative.
Whitney Economics, via trade press
~30,000
small operators, ~$0.7M revenue each
Roughly 64% of sales. This is the segment capital never reaches.
Viridian Capital Advisors
0 new lenders
post-rescheduling, reported by a cannabis REIT
Moving marijuana to Schedule III for medical licences did not bring in new capital for this asset class.
Chicago Atlantic REFI, Q4 2025 earnings
Curaleaf — largest US operatorFY2025 revenue $1,268.1M · 161 dispensaries · 21.7% adj. EBITDA margin
Benchmark
Chicago Atlantic Real Estate Finance$411M mortgage REIT · 26 borrowers · 16.3% weighted-average yield (Q4 2025)
Benchmark
NJ LEAF — state loan program$15M, 3-year pilot · loans to $1.5M fixed assets / $500K working capital
Benchmark
Auxly × Grasshopper Capital$5M inventory loan · first-priority lien on all cannabis inventory · 18% p.a.
Proves the model
These are real, named transactions and programs — not projections. The gap is that none of them are open to a 3rd-generation operator without a lender relationship.
Why this is possible now

Tokenized collateral already works. In other commodities.

We are not inventing a new financial primitive. Warehouse receipts and agricultural receivables have already been tokenized and funded at scale — and cannabis inventory is the exact same shape of asset: a physical, tracked, saleable good.

Arya.ag + Finternet — Avalanche~$2B stored grain · $230M–1.26B annual lending book — testing stage only, not live
Testing only
VERT — Brazil, XRP Ledger$130M Agribusiness Receivables Certificate, July 2025 — a receivable claim, not title to goods
Live
Phylos × Organigram — genetics licensing$10M facility (incl. $3M top-up) · 5-year exclusive genetics rights · 30 new genetics 2×/year through 2030
Live
Trulieve × Connected (Alien Labs)Perpetual, royalty-free master genetics license — FL + TX
Live
Cannabis equity on public chainsNo tokenized cannabis equity issuance found on any public chain, including Robinhood Chain
Does not exist yet
Arya.ag is the closest analogue and it is still in testing with no public launch date. And note what it proves: a token can index collateral. It cannot create it — see the counter-evidence below.
The constraint we are designing around Cannabis cannot legally cross state lines. That means an inventory token can only ever be a single-state, single-regulator claim — not an interchangeable commodity. We are not going to pretend otherwise. It also means the asset is defensible: a position backed by physical, regulator-tracked stock in one licensed state cannot be exited from under you by a change in another state's law.
By design
Trafigura — nickel, 2022$577M in nickel-backed loans that turned out to be backed by nothing. The tokens were fine. The warehouse was not.
Counter-evidence
This is the failure mode we design against. A tokenised receipt indexes collateral — it does not create it. Every position we issue is backed by stock a regulator already tracks, in a vault we can point at, in a state that licenses it. If the asset is not real, the token is not a market problem to solve — it is a lie with a ticker.
$34.2B
tokenized real-world assets onchain, all asset classes
DefiLlama RWA dashboard
+$123.1M
RWA growth on Robinhood Chain, 30 days
+75.1% — fastest-moving tier alongside ZKsync and Aptos.
DefiLlama, chain breakdown
16.3%
yield on secured cannabis real-estate debt
What a lender will take on a known, occupied building.
Chicago Atlantic REFI, Q4 2025
18%
APR on a first-lien cannabis inventory loan
Tracked goods already collateralise debt in cannabis.
Auxly company disclosure
The asset we build on

You already run a seed-to-sale ledger. It is the proof layer.

This is a state-law requirement, not a federal one — and it is the single most under-used asset in the industry. Every plant, package, transfer and destruction is already a dated, signed, regulator-inspectable record. That record is collateral-grade.

Plant-level tags

Michigan requires a serialized tag on every plant and a label on every wholesale package. Missouri requires tags on all immature plants ≥8in tall or wide.

Batch discipline

Massachusetts caps a strain-specific immature batch at 100 clones, tagged on move to vegetative. Seed packets carry no more than 50 seeds.

Harvest weight

Montana requires the wet weight of every individual plant recorded by end of business day — a per-plant yield record a lender can actually verify.

Daily inventory ledger

Missouri mandates a daily entry of beginning inventory, harvests, sales, remediations, disposals, transfers and ending inventory — kept five years.

Movement manifests

Custody transfers run on a signed manifest from tagged package to new planting. Chain of custody is already a legal document, not a spreadsheet convention.

One schema, many states

Metrc is the de facto standard across MA, CA, CO, IL, WA, OR, NV, MI, OH, NY, NJ, MN and MT — so most operators already run one integration across several states.

The rules that bind you

License caps and equity law, state by state.

These are the constraints that decide whether a roll-up, a raise, or a community-ownership structure is even legal. Every row is cited to the statute or regulator.

Swipe the table sideways for the full state detail →
StateOwnership capEquity / social programSource
MAMax 3 licenses per class; 100,000 sq ft canopy combined 935 CMR 500.050Cannabis Social Equity Trust Fund = 15% of excise revenue; Microbusiness + Craft Co-op are equity licence classes Ch.180 Acts of 2022CCC
OHPer person: 1 cultivator, 1 processor, 8 dispensary, 1 lab OAC 1301:18-3-03Craft / microbusiness classes existDCC
PA1 grower/processor permit per person; 5 dispensary permits to one person; 3 locations per permit 28 Pa. Code 1141a.23—DAMP
NVGreater of 1 license or 10% of allocable adult-use licenses in counties ≥100k NRS 678B.270—CBO
NJ1 license per class; vertical integration permitted; no statewide capPriority review/scoring for Social Equity + Diversely-Owned; NJEDA $12M to 48 awardees NJCRCNJCRC
MN1 licence per individual (≤10% passive ownership exempt); vertical integration barred Minn. Stat. 342.185Up to 33% controlling ownership of up to 4 social-equity entitiesOCM
MOMarket-wide: 27 dispensary / 88 manufacturing / 65 cultivation per congressional district 19 CSR 100-1.020—DOR
ILMarket-wide caps; social-equity applicants need 51% ownership/control 410 ILCS 705Round III: $31.8M forgivable loans to 95 businesses DCEO — a second DCEO figure of $40M is also published; treat the total as contestedDCEO
CA—Cannabis Equity Grants fund localities, not licensees; equity % set locally SB 1294 (2018)GO-Biz
ORNo cap; full vertical integration permitted; labs may hold no other licence ORS 475C.061—OLCC
NYSupply Tier / Retail Tier structural firewallSocial equity pricing + 50% ownership for social-equity applicantsOCM
MD—Conditional licences require ≥51% held by qualifying social-equity applicants COMAR 14.17.05.05MCA
WA / CO / MI / CA / IL / NVSeed-to-sale mandated via Metrc (plus WA LCB system, CO statewide METRC account, MI statewide monitoring system). Retail tax differs sharply — OR 17% flat excise + 2% admin + up to 3% local; MI 24% wholesale (from Jan 2026) + 10% retail + 6% sales.
Caps are quoted from the cited rule text. Rules change — verify against your regulator before acting on anything here.
The federal line

What actually changed in April 2026 — and what didn't.

Most commentary on this is wrong in both directions. Here is the actual text, and it matters enormously for how a cannabis business gets financed.

Marijuana in an FDA-approved drug productDOJ Final Order AG 6754-2026 · 91 FR 22714 · effective 28 Apr 2026
Schedule III
Marijuana under a state-issued medical licenceSame order. DEA registration pathway created; expedited window closed 22 Jun 2026
Schedule III
Unlicensed bulk marijuanaNot covered by the order
Schedule I
Recreational productDEA hearing held 29 Jun – 15 Jul 2026, no decision issued
Schedule I
The order does not cover synthetic THC, does not touch hemp, and does not legalise anything — under the FD&C Act it is still unlawful to introduce an unapproved drug into interstate commerce.
280E
still blocks deductions for recreational revenue
The trigger is schedule, not state legality. Do not model relief here.
26 U.S.C. 280E; Treasury guidance pending
QSub
partnership election is the standard workaround
Used across the industry to allocate income around the disallowance.
26 U.S.C. 704(c)
Not law
SAFE Banking Act is still not enacted
State cannabis financial-services licences and credit unions are the real channel.
Repeated reintroductions, no enactment
51
states with a legal medical or adult-use program
Each with its own regulator, track-and-trace system and equity law.
What we're building

Four things, in the order an operator needs them.

1 · Attest your ledger

Read-only connection to the track-and-trace system you already pay for. We attest that your records exist and reconcile — we never write to your compliance system.

2 · Inventory as collateral

Verified, tagged, in-vault stock becomes a tokenised warehouse-receipt position — the model Arya.ag pilots for grain, applied to a legal commodity.

3 · Auditable ownership

Operator equity interests that a holder can actually verify on a public chain, inside a regulated structure — never a promise in a PDF.

4 · Genetics as an asset

Strain IP is already licensed for money (Phylos/Organigram, Alien Labs/Trulieve). We make those licences and their provenance machine-readable.

5 · Retail-to-retail settlement

A licensed brand supplying a licensed retailer, settling in seconds rather than on a 60-day net-terms invoice — without turning the retailer's licence into the vendor's problem.

6 · Community & equity capital

A route for the ~30,000 small operators the debt market skips, and for patient/community capital — the segment every equity programme in the country is trying to reach.

Straight answer

What exists, what is proven, what we are still building.

Separating the three is the whole point of this page.

01

Track-and-trace ledgers exist in 13+ statesLive, mandated by state law

Metrc and state systems already hold the per-plant, per-package, per-transfer record. This is the foundation and it is real today.

02

Inventory-backed lending works in cannabisLive

Auxly's $5M first-priority inventory facility at 18% proves tracked cannabis goods collateralise debt.

03

Tokenised warehouse receipts work at scalePilot

Arya.ag/Finternet hold ~$2B of grain against a $230M–1.26B book. Still pre-launch — we do not claim it is live.

04

CannaStocks contract set written and proven27/27 tests passing

OperatorRegistry (licences, with per-state transfer rules) and InventoryReceipt (ERC-1155 warehouse-receipt positions). Deployed and exercised end-to-end against a Robinhood mainnet fork at chain 4663 — attest licence → open vault → mint → transfer → burn, with conservation checked at every step.

Three guarantees are enforced by the contracts, not by policy: a receipt cannot be minted until the vault is reconciled to a regulator record; receipts are transfer-locked by default; and a vault's state cannot differ from its licence's state, so no cross-state position can be assembled.

Not yet on mainnet. No operator is onboarded and no capital has moved.

05

First operator onboardedNot live

Intake starts with one licensed operator in one state. No marketing before that.

06

Tokenized cannabis equity issuedDoes not exist yet

No tokenized cannabis equity exists on any public chain. That is the gap — and the reason we are building.

Operator intake

Bring us a licence and a track-and-trace account.

We are looking for licensed operators who already run compliant seed-to-sale — retail, processing or cultivation — and want to be first through a capital route that does not require a 23% APR or a relationship. No pitch deck, no token sale.

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